Abstract: In today's digital era, cryptographic algorithms play a vital role in safeguarding sensitive information, maintaining confidentiality, and defending against cyberattacks. With the growing ...

Abstract: Surface defects in Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), which arise during manufacturing, significantly impact product quality and directly influence equipment performance, stability and ...

data structure and algorith:This journey is not just about coding but also about developing problem-solving thinking, optimizing solutions, and building a strong foundation for coding interviews and ...