Brain-imaging techniques have made it possible to explore the neural foundations of logical and mathematical cognition. These techniques are revealing more than simply where these high-order processes ...

OF all the branches of philosophy, logic alone has had the distinction of being claimed by the exact sciences as one of them. The event is of recent occurrence; in fact, it has happened only since ...

Some scientific discoveries matter because they reveal something new — the double helical structure of DNA, for example, or the existence of black holes. However, some revelations are profound because ...

Chandan Singh Gughtyal has been teaching Maths in boarding schools in India for about 28 years. He has experience of working as an assistant housemaster, housemaster, resident dorm parent, and dorm ...

The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...

One night in July, 1964, the logician Lotfi Zadeh found himself alone in his parents’ New York apartment, his dinner plans cancelled. At the time, Zadeh later wrote, he was doing “a lot of thinking ...

It’s an educated guess, not a proof. But a good conjecture will guide math forward, pointing the way into the mathematical unknown. Mountain climbing is a beloved metaphor for mathematical research.